What method does data pump use to load and upload table data?

The data pump primarily utilizes the direct path method to load and upload table data. This technique allows for a more efficient transfer of data by bypassing the SQL layer and writing data directly to the data files, which significantly reduces the amount of time required for the operation.

In direct path loading, data is written directly into the data files without the need for the database to perform the usual checks and processing, which includes waiting for indexes to be updated or taking care of constraints in real-time. As a result, this method is particularly beneficial when dealing with large volumes of data, making it a preferred choice for data transfer tasks.

While other methods, such as hybrid mode and external tables, might also be applicable in different contexts, they do not primarily function in the same direct and efficient manner used by the direct path method. This focus on operational efficiency and direct interaction with data files is what defines the effectiveness of the data pump's operation in this scenario.